The function of the fiber optic grating coupling module
Grating couplers are simply components of a photonic circuit that use diffraction to couple light into or out of a waveguide. In this work, we apply topology optimization to design single-polarization 1D and dual-polarization 2D grating couplers incorporating bottom reflectors and achieve sub-decibel coupling efficiency. Both types of couplers are fabricated on the silicon-on-insulator platform with dimensions of merely. The gratings in a waveguide can be either periodic index modulation or periodic structural corrugation.
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